“Umrao Jaan Ada” is a novel celebrated as a remarkable work in Urdu literature. Written by Mirza Hadi Ruswa, this outstanding novel was first published in 1899 and is recognized as likely the first novel in the Urdu language.
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Umrao Jaan Ada Novel By Mirza Hadi Ruswa Summary:
“Umrao Jaan Ada” tells the story of Umrao Jan Ada, a famous courtesan in mid-nineteenth-century Lucknow. Written by Mirza Hadi Ruswa, the novel paints a vivid picture of the social and moral hypocrisy of Lucknow during that period.
Umrao Jan Ada, originally named Amiran, was born into a modest family. Her father testified against a thug named Dilawar Khan, leading to Dilawar’s imprisonment for 12 years. Upon his release, Dilawar sought revenge by kidnapping Amiran. Following a friend’s advice, he sold her to Khanum Jan, a well-known courtesan in Lucknow, for a hundred and fifty rupees.
At Khanum Jan’s place, Amiran learned to dance and sing, transforming from a simple girl into the famous courtesan Umrao Jan Ada. The story follows Umrao’s life and her interactions with various characters. Key figures in her life include Bua Hussaini, Bismillah Jaan (Khanum Jan’s daughter), Gohar Mirza, Nawab Sultan Mirza, and Ram Dai.
The novel has been adapted into numerous films and television series in both Pakistan and India. In 1972, a Pakistani film titled “Umrao Jaan Ada” was released. The story has also inspired other films, such as “Mehndi” (1958) and “Umrao Jaan” (2006).
Overall, “Umrao Jaan Ada” is considered a groundbreaking work in Urdu literature, offering a deep insight into the life and times of a courtesan in historic Lucknow.
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